{"id":20869,"date":"2024-09-16T15:31:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-16T20:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flex.com\/?post_type=resource&#038;p=20869"},"modified":"2026-03-20T09:55:07","modified_gmt":"2026-03-20T14:55:07","slug":"the-basics-of-liquid-cooling-in-ai-data-centers","status":"publish","type":"resource","link":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/resources\/the-basics-of-liquid-cooling-in-ai-data-centers","title":{"rendered":"Die Grundlagen der Fl\u00fcssigkeitsk\u00fchlung in KI-Rechenzentren"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"overscroll-top\" style=\"background-color: #eaeef4;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"resource-header block\">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a title=\"Homepage\" href=\"\/\">Flex<\/a>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\"><path d=\"M365.3 256l-22.6 22.6-192 192L128 493.3 82.7 448l22.6-22.6L274.7 256 105.4 86.6 82.7 64 128 18.7l22.6 22.6 192 192L365.3 256z\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t<a title=\"Resources\" href=\"\/resources\">Resources<\/a>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\"><path d=\"M365.3 256l-22.6 22.6-192 192L128 493.3 82.7 448l22.6-22.6L274.7 256 105.4 86.6 82.7 64 128 18.7l22.6 22.6 192 192L365.3 256z\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t<a title=\"The basics of liquid cooling in AI data centers\">The basics of liquid cooling in AI data centers<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<h1>The basics of liquid cooling in AI data centers<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"separator\"><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"details\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"date detail\">\n\t\t\t\tPosted on<br>\n\t\t\t\tSeptember 16, 2024\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"categories\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"categories-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cat-tag\">Blog<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"cat-tag\" data-cat-level=\"3\" data-destination=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/industries\/data-center?subcategories=data-center-power#resources\" href=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/industries\/data-center?subcategories=data-center-power#resources\">Data Center Power<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"cat-tag\" data-cat-level=\"3\" data-destination=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/industries\/data-center?subcategories=liquid-cooling#resources\" href=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/industries\/data-center?subcategories=liquid-cooling#resources\">Liquid Cooling<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"cat-tag\" data-cat-level=\"3\" data-destination=\"\/industries\/industrial?subcategories=power#resources\" href=\"\/industries\/industrial?subcategories=power#resources\">Power<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"cat-tag\" data-cat-level=\"2\" data-destination=\"\/power-modules#resources\" href=\"\/power-modules#resources\">Power Modules<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"sidebar block normal-sidebar\">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p>Liquid cooling is increasingly vital in AI data centers as traditional methods struggle to keep manage intense heat. This blog provides <a href=\"#overview\">a brief overview<\/a>, some <a href=\"#facts\">key facts<\/a>, and a <a href=\"#glossary\">glossary of essential terms<\/a> to help you understand the basics of how liquid cooling helps to dissipate the heat generated by AI workloads.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"id_69d22be30b9e8\" class=\"media block\">\n\t<div class=\"container media-center \">\n\t\t<div class=\"media\" style=\"left: 0px; min-width: 100%; max-width: 100%;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image none\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AI rendition of hyperscale data center\" src=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/hyperscale-datacenter-dcdc-converters-1200x675.jpg\" title=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<script>\n\t(function () {\n\t\tlet hasRun_id_69d22be30b9e8 = false;\n\t\tfunction updateVideoDisplay_id_69d22be30b9e8() {\n\t\t\tconst youtubeVideoId = \"\";\n\t\t\tconst bynderID = \"\";\n\t\t\tconst mediaType = \"image\";\n\t\t\tconst mediaVideoElement = document.getElementById('media-video-id_69d22be30b9e8');\n\t\t\tconst bodyClass = document.body.className || '';\n\t\t\tconst match = bodyClass.match(\/translatepress-([a-z]{2})(?:_[A-Z]{2})?\/i);\n\t\t\tconst currentLanguage = match ? 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We appreciate your patience and look forward to sharing it with you soon.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t`;\n\t\t\t\tmediaVideoElement.appendChild(errorDiv);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\tfunction runVideoInjection() {\n\t\t\tif (hasRun_id_69d22be30b9e8) return;\n\t\t\thasRun_id_69d22be30b9e8 = true;\n\t\t\tupdateVideoDisplay_id_69d22be30b9e8();\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t\/\/ Always run on front-end\n\t\tif (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n\t\t\tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', runVideoInjection);\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\trunVideoInjection();\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t\/\/ Also run in editor if available\n\t\tif (typeof wp !== 'undefined' && wp.domReady) {\n\t\t\twp.domReady(runVideoInjection);\n\t\t}\n\t})();\n\t<\/script>\n\t\n\t<script>\n\t\tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\/\/ Get the block element by ID\n\t\t\tvar blockElement = document.getElementById(\"id_69d22be30b9e8\");\n\t\t\tif (!blockElement) return;\n\t\n\t\t\t\/\/ Reveal the block\n\t\t\t(function ($) {\n\t\t\t\tScrollReveal().reveal(blockElement.querySelector(\".container .media\"), {origin: \"bottom\", distance: \"20px\", opacity: 1, duration: 1000});\n\t\t\t\tScrollReveal().reveal(blockElement.querySelector(\".container .content\"), {origin: \"bottom\", distance: \"20px\", opacity: 1, duration: 1000});\n\t\t\t}(jQuery));\n\t\t});\n\t<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"sidebar normal-column\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a title=\"Powering data centers from grid to chip\" class=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/downloads\/powering-data-centers-from-grid-to-chip\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Powering data centers from grid to chip\" src=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/2026-Power-Brochure-cover-540x304.jpg\" title=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBrochure\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<a title=\"Powering data centers from grid to chip\" class=\"title\" href=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/downloads\/powering-data-centers-from-grid-to-chip\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\tPowering data centers from grid to chip\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a title=\"IBC\u00a0conversion\u00a0ratios:\u00a0how to choose between 4:1 and 8:1\" class=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/resources\/ibc-conversion-ratios-how-to-choose-between-41-and-81\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"IBC conversion ratios: how to choose between 4:1 and 8:1\" src=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Power-Modules-_-4.1-vs-8-540x304.jpg\" title=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBlog\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<a title=\"IBC\u00a0conversion\u00a0ratios:\u00a0how to choose between 4:1 and 8:1\" class=\"title\" href=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/resources\/ibc-conversion-ratios-how-to-choose-between-41-and-81\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\tIBC\u00a0conversion\u00a0ratios:\u00a0how to choose between 4:1 and 8:1\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"id-69d22be7471fa\" class=\"box block full-width dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be7471fa > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: transparent;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 36px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 0px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 96px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7471fa.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7471fa > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 18px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 48px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"overview\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">An overview <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the evolving landscape of data centers and high-performance computing infrastructure for AI applications, cooling efficiency has become a key focus for engineers aiming to optimize both performance and energy use. With increasing demands from AI, machine learning, and multi-core processors, traditional air-cooling methods are hitting their limits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"id-69d22be7270d1\" class=\"columns-grid block\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t\/* === Frontend Grid === *\/\n\t\tbody:not(.block-editor-page) #id-69d22be7270d1 > .container {\n\t\t\tdisplay: grid;\n\t\t\tgrid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;\n\t\t\tgap: 60px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t\/* Column padding *\/\n\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 .column,\n\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tpadding: 0;\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t\/* Rules between columns *\/\n\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 > .container.show-rules .column + .column,\n\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column + .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tborder-left: 1px solid rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t\/* Max width for nested widgets *\/\n\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 .column .code.block .container .tagembed-widget,\n\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 .wp-block-acf-column .code.block .container .tagembed-widget {\n\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t\/* === Editor Overrides === *\/\n\t\tbody.block-editor-page #id-69d22be7270d1 > .container > .block-editor-inner-blocks > .block-editor-block-list__layout {\n\t\t\tdisplay: grid !important;\n\t\t\tgrid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr !important;\n\t\t\tgap: 60px !important;\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\tbody.block-editor-page #id-69d22be7270d1 .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\twidth: 100% !important;\n\t\t\tbox-sizing: border-box;\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t\/* Mobile responsiveness *\/\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 > .container {\n\t\t\t\tdisplay: block !important;\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 > .container > .column,\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 > .container > .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 36px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 > .container > .column:first-child,\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 > .container > .wp-block-acf-column:first-child {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 > .container.show-rules .column + .column,\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7270d1 > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column + .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tborder-left: none;\n\t\t\t\tborder-top: 1px solid rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 30px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 30px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container align-center\">\n\t\t\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n\n<p>In parallel, trends such as <a href=\"\/products\/power-modules\/vertical-power-delivery\">vertical power delivery<\/a> (VPD) are being used to minimize power delivery network (PDN) losses, resulting in modules that can be tailored to specific processor and server configurations. VPD\u2019s low-profile design complements direct-to-chip (D2C) liquid cooling, which is essential at AI server power levels. This approach contrasts with the conventional lateral placement of DC\/DC converters, which are typically designed for forced air cooling and a minimal footprint.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Forced air cooling is still common at lower power densities but has significant limitations, such as requiring large heatsinks and managing hot exhaust air, which can adversely impact nearby components. Placing processors and heatsinks near the air exit helps but limits the flexibility of board designs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In contrast, liquid cooling provides several advantages, including better heat transport efficiency, smaller system size, and reduced energy consumption\/operating costs. It also eliminates the need for less reliable fans, although a centralized heat exchanger is still necessary. While liquid cooling requires a higher upfront investment and may reduce system availability due to its centralized nature, it significantly enhances cooling efficiency.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id_69d22be724d4d\" class=\"media block\">\n\t<div class=\"container media-center \">\n\t\t<div class=\"media\" style=\"left: 0px; min-width: 100%; max-width: 100%;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image none\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vertical Power Delivery drawing\" src=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/VPD-drawing-e1765746498808.png\" title=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<script>\n\t(function () {\n\t\tlet hasRun_id_69d22be724d4d = false;\n\t\tfunction updateVideoDisplay_id_69d22be724d4d() {\n\t\t\tconst youtubeVideoId = \"\";\n\t\t\tconst bynderID = \"\";\n\t\t\tconst mediaType = \"image\";\n\t\t\tconst mediaVideoElement = document.getElementById('media-video-id_69d22be724d4d');\n\t\t\tconst bodyClass = document.body.className || '';\n\t\t\tconst match = bodyClass.match(\/translatepress-([a-z]{2})(?:_[A-Z]{2})?\/i);\n\t\t\tconst currentLanguage = match ? 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We appreciate your patience and look forward to sharing it with you soon.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t`;\n\t\t\t\tmediaVideoElement.appendChild(errorDiv);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\tfunction runVideoInjection() {\n\t\t\tif (hasRun_id_69d22be724d4d) return;\n\t\t\thasRun_id_69d22be724d4d = true;\n\t\t\tupdateVideoDisplay_id_69d22be724d4d();\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t\/\/ Always run on front-end\n\t\tif (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n\t\t\tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', runVideoInjection);\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\trunVideoInjection();\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t\/\/ Also run in editor if available\n\t\tif (typeof wp !== 'undefined' && wp.domReady) {\n\t\t\twp.domReady(runVideoInjection);\n\t\t}\n\t})();\n\t<\/script>\n\t\n\t<script>\n\t\tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\/\/ Get the block element by ID\n\t\t\tvar blockElement = document.getElementById(\"id_69d22be724d4d\");\n\t\t\tif (!blockElement) return;\n\t\n\t\t\t\/\/ Reveal the block\n\t\t\t(function ($) {\n\t\t\t\tScrollReveal().reveal(blockElement.querySelector(\".container .media\"), {origin: \"bottom\", distance: \"20px\", opacity: 1, duration: 1000});\n\t\t\t\tScrollReveal().reveal(blockElement.querySelector(\".container .content\"), {origin: \"bottom\", distance: \"20px\", opacity: 1, duration: 1000});\n\t\t\t}(jQuery));\n\t\t});\n\t<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"spacer block\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><em>Figure 1: Vertical Power Delivery to a processor<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"spacer block\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n<p>A hybrid liquid cooling system, known as direct-to-chip cooling, transfers heat from the processor to a cold plate with liquid (typically water) channels. This single-phase system provides substantial heat removal improvements over forced air cooling. Further gains can be achieved with fluorocarbon-based liquids in a two-phase system, which offers about 100 times better heat absorption due to the latent heat of evaporation. While more expensive, this method is less damaging in case of leaks, making it a viable option despite the cost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"\/resources\/the-future-of-data-centers-demands-advanced-cooling\">evolution of direct liquid cooling<\/a> has focused on two main technologies: microchannel and microconvective cooling. Microchannel cooling evenly spreads heat across the surface but struggles with higher power chipsets, leading to designs with tighter channels and higher filtration requirements, which impact data center operations. Conversely, microconvective cooling, or microjet impingement, targets specific hotspots on processors, offering lower thermal resistance and avoiding the pressure issues associated with microchannels, making it more effective for high-power applications. <a href=\"https:\/\/jetcool.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">JetCool, a Flex company<\/a>, offers D2C liquid cooling modules that use arrays of small fluid jets that precisely target these hot spots on processors, transforming high-power electronic cooling performance at the chip or device level.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"facts\">Immersion cooling, where the entire system is submerged in dielectric liquid, is another option. It offers excellent cooling efficiency, but concerns about environmental impact, leakage, and the system being a single point of failure limit its adoption. The fluid\u2019s higher dielectric constant also raises stray capacitance, which could affect high-frequency signals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Fast facts on liquid cooling<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In 2023, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/articles\/doe-announces-40-million-more-efficient-cooling-data-centers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">U.S. Department of Energy allocated $40 million<\/a> to support innovative data center cooling technologies. These projects aim to push the boundaries of energy efficiency and sustainability in data centers.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<div id=\"id-69d22be731b53\" class=\"columns block\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be731b53 .column, #id-69d22be731b53 .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tpadding: 0 18px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t#id-69d22be731b53 > .container.show-rules .column+.column, #id-69d22be731b53 > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column+.wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tborder-color: rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t#id-69d22be731b53 .column, #id-69d22be731b53 .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t.code.block {\n\t\t\t\t.container {\n\t\t\t\t\t.tagembed-widget {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be731b53 > .container {\n\t\t\t\tdisplay: block;\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be731b53 > .container > .column, #id-69d22be731b53 > .container > .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 36px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be731b53 > .container > .column:first-child, #id-69d22be731b53 > .container > .wp-block-acf-column:first-child {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be731b53 > .container.show-rules .column+.column, #id-69d22be731b53 > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column+.wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tborder-left: none;\n\t\t\t\tborder-top: 1px solid rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 30px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 30px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container align-center\">\n\t\t\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Traditional data centers manage around 12 kW per rack, but AI data centers are seeing a dramatic increase, with current ultra high-density racks consuming 85 kW per cabinet. <a href=\"https:\/\/spectra.mhi.com\/data-center-cooling-the-unexpected-challenge-to-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Future projections suggest that this could rise<\/a> to between 200 kW and 250 kW per rack as AI workloads become more demanding.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Greater rack density may mean bigger data capacity, but it also means higher energy use and extra heat. Data centers operate optimally between <a href=\"https:\/\/dck-resources.datacenterknowledge.com\/free\/w_dats74\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">21 and 24 degrees Celsius<\/a>, so any increase in rack density must be accompanied by improved cooling.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.datacenterfrontier.com\/sponsored\/article\/55089191\/trane-the-untapped-potential-of-heat-reuse-in-data-center-cooling-design\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Cooling systems use 25\u201340% of the energy<\/a> in data centers. As rack densities rise, the design of cooling systems will play an increasingly pivotal role in maintaining overall efficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id_69d22be72bd1c\" class=\"media block\">\n\t<div class=\"container media-center \">\n\t\t<div class=\"media\" style=\"left: 0px; min-width: 100%; max-width: 100%;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image none\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cooling system survey in 2024 by Uptime Institute on types of direct liquid cooling used in data center\/colocation facilities\" src=\"https:\/\/flex.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/FPM-LiquidCoolingBlog-Version1-G-1200x751.jpg\" title=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<script>\n\t(function () {\n\t\tlet hasRun_id_69d22be72bd1c = false;\n\t\tfunction updateVideoDisplay_id_69d22be72bd1c() {\n\t\t\tconst youtubeVideoId = \"\";\n\t\t\tconst bynderID = \"\";\n\t\t\tconst mediaType = \"image\";\n\t\t\tconst mediaVideoElement = document.getElementById('media-video-id_69d22be72bd1c');\n\t\t\tconst bodyClass = document.body.className || '';\n\t\t\tconst match = bodyClass.match(\/translatepress-([a-z]{2})(?:_[A-Z]{2})?\/i);\n\t\t\tconst currentLanguage = match ? 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We appreciate your patience and look forward to sharing it with you soon.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t`;\n\t\t\t\tmediaVideoElement.appendChild(errorDiv);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\tfunction runVideoInjection() {\n\t\t\tif (hasRun_id_69d22be72bd1c) return;\n\t\t\thasRun_id_69d22be72bd1c = true;\n\t\t\tupdateVideoDisplay_id_69d22be72bd1c();\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t\/\/ Always run on front-end\n\t\tif (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n\t\t\tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', runVideoInjection);\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\trunVideoInjection();\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t\/\/ Also run in editor if available\n\t\tif (typeof wp !== 'undefined' && wp.domReady) {\n\t\t\twp.domReady(runVideoInjection);\n\t\t}\n\t})();\n\t<\/script>\n\t\n\t<script>\n\t\tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\/\/ Get the block element by ID\n\t\t\tvar blockElement = document.getElementById(\"id_69d22be72bd1c\");\n\t\t\tif (!blockElement) return;\n\t\n\t\t\t\/\/ Reveal the block\n\t\t\t(function ($) {\n\t\t\t\tScrollReveal().reveal(blockElement.querySelector(\".container .media\"), {origin: \"bottom\", distance: \"20px\", opacity: 1, duration: 1000});\n\t\t\t\tScrollReveal().reveal(blockElement.querySelector(\".container .content\"), {origin: \"bottom\", distance: \"20px\", opacity: 1, duration: 1000});\n\t\t\t}(jQuery));\n\t\t});\n\t<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\" id=\"glossary\"><em>Figure 2: Cooling system survey by Uptime Institute on the types of direct liquid cooling used in data center\/colocation facilities<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Glossary<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"id-69d22be73e10e\" class=\"columns block\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be73e10e .column, #id-69d22be73e10e .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tpadding: 0 12px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t#id-69d22be73e10e > .container.show-rules .column+.column, #id-69d22be73e10e > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column+.wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tborder-color: rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t#id-69d22be73e10e .column, #id-69d22be73e10e .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t.code.block {\n\t\t\t\t.container {\n\t\t\t\t\t.tagembed-widget {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73e10e > .container {\n\t\t\t\tdisplay: block;\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73e10e > .container > .column, #id-69d22be73e10e > .container > .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 36px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73e10e > .container > .column:first-child, #id-69d22be73e10e > .container > .wp-block-acf-column:first-child {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73e10e > .container.show-rules .column+.column, #id-69d22be73e10e > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column+.wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tborder-left: none;\n\t\t\t\tborder-top: 1px solid rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 30px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 30px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container align-top\">\n\t\t\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be73b91d\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be73b91d > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73b91d.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73b91d > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Boiling Point:<\/strong><br>The temperature at which a liquid becomes vapor; critical for phase change in two-phase cooling.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be73c4cc\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be73c4cc > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73c4cc.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73c4cc > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Cold Plate:<\/strong><br>Cold plates are the core of liquid cooling systems. These metal plates are mounted directly onto CPUs and GPUs. Coolant flows through channels within the cold plates, absorbing heat and carrying it away from the components.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be73ce55\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be73ce55 > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73ce55.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73ce55 > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Condenser:<\/strong><br>Component where vaporized coolant releases heat and condenses back into a liquid.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be73d7d2\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be73d7d2 > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73d7d2.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73d7d2 > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Coolant:<\/strong><br>The liquid used to absorb and transfer heat away from components, commonly water, glycol mixtures, or dielectric fluids.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"spacer block\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"id-69d22be74119b\" class=\"columns block\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be74119b .column, #id-69d22be74119b .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tpadding: 0 12px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t#id-69d22be74119b > .container.show-rules .column+.column, #id-69d22be74119b > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column+.wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tborder-color: rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t#id-69d22be74119b .column, #id-69d22be74119b .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t.code.block {\n\t\t\t\t.container {\n\t\t\t\t\t.tagembed-widget {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be74119b > .container {\n\t\t\t\tdisplay: block;\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be74119b > .container > .column, #id-69d22be74119b > .container > .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 36px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be74119b > .container > .column:first-child, #id-69d22be74119b > .container > .wp-block-acf-column:first-child {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be74119b > .container.show-rules .column+.column, #id-69d22be74119b > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column+.wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tborder-left: none;\n\t\t\t\tborder-top: 1px solid rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 30px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 30px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container align-top\">\n\t\t\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be73ee4f\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be73ee4f > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73ee4f.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73ee4f > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Dielectric Fluid:<\/strong><br>A non-conductive coolant that prevents electrical shorts and corrosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be73f7de\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be73f7de > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73f7de.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be73f7de > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Flow Rate:<\/strong><br>The volume of coolant moving through a system, typically measured in liters per minute.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be740144\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be740144 > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be740144.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be740144 > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Heat Exchanger:<\/strong><br>A device that transfers heat from the coolant to another medium.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be740acb\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be740acb > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be740acb.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be740acb > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Heat Sink:<\/strong><br>The passive device that dissipates heat by spreading it over a larger surface area.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"spacer block\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"id-69d22be7440bf\" class=\"columns block\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be7440bf .column, #id-69d22be7440bf .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tpadding: 0 12px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t#id-69d22be7440bf > .container.show-rules .column+.column, #id-69d22be7440bf > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column+.wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tborder-color: rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t#id-69d22be7440bf .column, #id-69d22be7440bf .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t.code.block {\n\t\t\t\t.container {\n\t\t\t\t\t.tagembed-widget {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7440bf > .container {\n\t\t\t\tdisplay: block;\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7440bf > .container > .column, #id-69d22be7440bf > .container > .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 36px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7440bf > .container > .column:first-child, #id-69d22be7440bf > .container > .wp-block-acf-column:first-child {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7440bf > .container.show-rules .column+.column, #id-69d22be7440bf > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column+.wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tborder-left: none;\n\t\t\t\tborder-top: 1px solid rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 30px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 30px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container align-top\">\n\t\t\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be741e7f\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be741e7f > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be741e7f.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be741e7f > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Liquid Loop:<\/strong><br>A closed circuit for coolant circulation in a cooling system.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be7427cc\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be7427cc > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7427cc.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7427cc > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Manifolds:<\/strong><br>Serving as distribution hubs for the coolant within the rack, manifolds manage the flow of coolant to and from the cold plates, ensuring an even distribution.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be7430e3\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be7430e3 > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7430e3.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7430e3 > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Quick Disconnects:<\/strong><br>Specialized connectors that allow for easy and rapid connection or disconnection of the coolant lines.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be7439fd\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be7439fd > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7439fd.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7439fd > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Thermal Resistance:<\/strong><br>A measure of a material\u2019s ability to resist heat flow; lower resistance indicates better heat transfer.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"spacer block\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"id-69d22be7467b0\" class=\"columns block\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be7467b0 .column, #id-69d22be7467b0 .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tpadding: 0 12px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t#id-69d22be7467b0 > .container.show-rules .column+.column, #id-69d22be7467b0 > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column+.wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\tborder-color: rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t#id-69d22be7467b0 .column, #id-69d22be7467b0 .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t.code.block {\n\t\t\t\t.container {\n\t\t\t\t\t.tagembed-widget {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7467b0 > .container {\n\t\t\t\tdisplay: block;\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 600px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7467b0 > .container > .column, #id-69d22be7467b0 > .container > .wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 36px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7467b0 > .container > .column:first-child, #id-69d22be7467b0 > .container > .wp-block-acf-column:first-child {\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1320px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7467b0 > .container.show-rules .column+.column, #id-69d22be7467b0 > .container.show-rules .wp-block-acf-column+.wp-block-acf-column {\n\t\t\t\tborder-left: none;\n\t\t\t\tborder-top: 1px solid rgba(38, 38, 38, 0.2);\n\t\t\t\tpadding: 30px 0 0 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 30px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container align-top\">\n\t\t\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be744d74\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be744d74 > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be744d74.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be744d74 > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Thermal Interface Material (TIM):<\/strong><br>Material used to enhance thermal conductivity between a chip and a heat sink or cold plate.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be7456ee\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be7456ee > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7456ee.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be7456ee > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Pump:<\/strong><br>Device for circulating coolant through the system.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<div id=\"id-69d22be74602e\" class=\"box block content-width match-height dark-content de \" style=\"background-color: transparent; background-image: none;\">\n\t<style>\n\t\t#id-69d22be74602e > .container > .content {\n\t\t\tbackground-color: #eaeef4ff;\n\t\t\tposition: relative;\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-right: 24px;\n\t\t\tpadding-bottom: 12px;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 24px;\n\t\t\tmargin-left: 0px;\n\t\t\tmargin-right: 0px;\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 1272px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be74602e.box.block.full-width > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 0 !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t@media (max-width: 960px) {\n\t\t\t#id-69d22be74602e > .container > .content {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-top: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-right: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\/\/padding-bottom: 6px;\n\t\t\t\tpadding-left: 12px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Vertical Power Delivery:<\/strong><br>A method to minimize power losses by positioning power modules directly above or below the processor.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"column block\">\n\t\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Die Fl\u00fcssigkeitsk\u00fchlung wird in KI-Rechenzentren immer wichtiger, da herk\u00f6mmliche Methoden mit der intensiven Hitze kaum zurechtkommen.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":40312,"template":"","categories":[90,89,43,97],"tags":[254],"content-type":[13],"class_list":["post-20869","resource","type-resource","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-data-center-power","category-liquid-cooling","category-power","category-power-modules","tag-bmr321","content-type-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource\/20869","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/resource"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource\/20869\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40880,"href":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource\/20869\/revisions\/40880"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40312"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20869"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20869"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20869"},{"taxonomy":"content-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flex.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content-type?post=20869"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}